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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Commander of NORAD</span></span>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>The <b>commander of <a href="North_American_Aerospace_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Aerospace Defense Command">North American Aerospace Defense Command</a> (NORAD)</b> is a <a href="Four-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star rank">four-star</a> <a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">general</a> or <a href="Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">admiral</a> in the <a href="United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a> who serves as the head of all <a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> <a href="Combined_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined operations">joint aerospace military operational forces</a>, stationed within the <a href="North_America" title="North America">North American territories</a>. The commander of NORAD concurrently serves as the commander of <a href="United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">United States Northern Command</a> and is the head of all U.S. military forces within the command's geographical <a href="Area_of_responsibility" title="Area of responsibility">area of responsibility</a>. The commander of NORAD is nominated for appointment by the <a href="President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> and must be confirmed by the <a href="United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. Prior to 2001, the title for the commander of NORAD was called the <b>Commander-in-Chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command</b>. The commander of NORAD typically serves for two years.
</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable">
<tbody><tr>
<th rowspan="2"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>
</th>
<th colspan="2">Commander
</th>
<th colspan="3">Term
</th>
<th rowspan="2">Service branch
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Portrait
</th>
<th>Name
</th>
<th>Took office
</th>
<th>Left office
</th>
<th>Term length
</th></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Partridge, Eagle E.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Earle_E._Partridge" title="Earle E. Partridge">Earle E. Partridge</a></b><br><small>(1900–1990)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">12 September 1957</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 July 1959</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 321 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Kuter, Laurence S.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Laurence_S._Kuter" title="Laurence S. Kuter">Laurence S. Kuter</a></b><br><small>(1905–1979)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 August 1959</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 July 1962</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 363 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Gerhart, John K.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="John_K._Gerhart" title="John K. Gerhart">John K. Gerhart</a></b><br><small>(1907–1981)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 August 1962</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 March 1965</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 241 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Strother, Dean C.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Dean_C._Strother" title="Dean C. Strother">Dean C. Strother</a></b><br><small>(1908–2000)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 April 1965</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 July 1966</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 119 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Reeves, Raymond J.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Raymond_J._Reeves" title="Raymond J. Reeves">Raymond J. Reeves</a></b><br><small>(1909–1998)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 August 1966</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">31 July 1969</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 364 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">McKee, Seth J.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Seth_J._McKee" title="Seth J. McKee">Seth J. McKee</a></b><br><small>(1916–2016)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 August 1969</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 September 1973</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4 years, 60 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Clay, Lucius D. Jr.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Lucius_D._Clay_Jr." title="Lucius D. Clay Jr.">Lucius D. Clay Jr.</a></b><br><small>(1919–1994)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 October 1973</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 August 1975</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 332 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">James, Daniel Jr.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Daniel_James_Jr." title="Daniel James Jr.">Daniel James Jr.</a></b><br><small>(1920–1978)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 September 1975</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 December 1977</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 95 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Hill, James E.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="James_E._Hill" title="James E. Hill">James E. Hill</a></b><br><small>(1921–1999)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6 December 1977</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">31 December 1979</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 25 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Hartinger, James V.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="James_V._Hartinger" title="James V. Hartinger">James V. Hartinger</a></b><br><small>(1925–2000)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 January 1980</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 July 1984</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4 years, 211 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">11</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Herres, Robert T.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Robert_T._Herres" title="Robert T. Herres">Robert T. Herres</a></b><br><small>(1932–2008)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 July 1984</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 February 1987</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 190 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">12</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Piotrowski, John L.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="John_L._Piotrowski" title="John L. Piotrowski">John L. Piotrowski</a></b><br><small>(born 1934)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6 February 1987</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 March 1990</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 years, 52 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Kutyna, Donald J.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Donald_J._Kutyna" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald J. Kutyna">Donald J. Kutyna</a></b><br><small>(born 1933)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 April 1990</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 June 1992</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 90 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Horner, Charles A.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Chuck_Horner" title="Chuck Horner">Charles A. Horner</a></b><br><small>(born 1936)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 June 1992</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">12 September 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 74 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">15</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Ashy, Joseph W.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Joseph_W._Ashy" title="Joseph W. Ashy">Joseph W. Ashy</a></b><br><small>(born 1940)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13 September 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">26 August 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 348 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">16</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Estes, Howell M. III</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Howell_M._Estes_III" title="Howell M. Estes III">Howell M. Estes III</a></b><br><small>(born 1941)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27 August 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14 August 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 352 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">17</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Myers, Richard B.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Richard_B._Myers" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard B. Myers">Richard B. Myers</a></b><br><small>(born 1942)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14 August 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">22 February 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 192 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">18</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Eberhart, Ralph E.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Ralph_Eberhart" title="Ralph Eberhart">Ralph E. Eberhart</a></b><br><small>(born 1946)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">22 February 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 November 2004</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4 years, 257 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Keating, Timothy J.</span><a href="Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">Admiral</a><br><b><a href="Timothy_J._Keating" title="Timothy J. Keating">Timothy J. Keating</a></b><br><small>(born 1948)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 November 2004</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">23 March 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 138 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">20</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Renuart, Victor E. Jr.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Victor_E._Renuart_Jr." title="Victor E. Renuart Jr.">Victor E. Renuart Jr.</a></b><br><small>(born 1949)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">23 March 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19 May 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 years, 57 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">21</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Winnefeld, James A. Jr.</span><a href="Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">Admiral</a><br><b><a href="James_A._Winnefeld%2C_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="James A. Winnefeld, Jr.">James A. Winnefeld, Jr.</a></b><br><small>(born 1956)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19 May 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 August 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 76 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">22</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Jacoby, Charles H. Jr.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Charles_H._Jacoby_Jr." title="Charles H. Jacoby Jr.">Charles H. Jacoby Jr.</a></b><br><small>(born 1954)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 August 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 December 2014</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 years, 124 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Army</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">23</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Gortney, William E.</span><a href="Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">Admiral</a><br><b><a href="William_E._Gortney" title="William E. Gortney">William E. Gortney</a></b><br><small>(born 1955)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 December 2014</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13 May 2016</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 160 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">24</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Robinson, Lori J.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Lori_Robinson" title="Lori Robinson">Lori J. Robinson</a></b><br><small>(born 1959)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13 May 2016</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">24 May 2018</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 11 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">25</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">O'Shaughnessy, Terrence J.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Terrence_J._O'Shaughnessy" title="Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy">Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy</a></b><br><small>(born 1964)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">24 May 2018</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">20 August 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 years, 88 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">26</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">VanHerck, Glen D.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Glen_D._VanHerck" class="mw-redirect" title="Glen D. VanHerck">Glen D. VanHerck</a></b><br><small>(born 1962)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">20 August 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 February 2024</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3 years, 169 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
<div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Guillot, Gregory M.</span><a href="General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a><br><b><a href="Gregory_M._Guillot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory M. Guillot">Gregory M. Guillot</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 February 2024</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><i>Incumbent</i></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 year, 188 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><br><a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_deputy_commanders">List of deputy commanders</h2></div>
<p>In recent years deputy commanders have always been Canadian air force <a href="Three-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-star rank">lieutenant</a> <a href="Canadian_Forces_ranks_and_insignia" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces ranks and insignia">generals</a>. Prior to the 1968 unification of the <a href="Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">Canadian Forces</a>, the deputy commanders were <a href="RCAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RCAF">RCAF</a> <a href="Air_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Marshal">Air Marshals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<caption>NORAD Deputy Commanders
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th scope="col" style="width:5px;;">#
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:300px;">Name
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:50px;">Photo
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:125px;">Start of term
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:125px;">End
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:200px;">Notable positions held before or after
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>1
</td>
<td><a href="Air_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Marshal">Air Marshal</a> <a href="Roy_Slemon" title="Roy Slemon">Roy Slemon</a>, <a href="Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">CB</a>, <a href="Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">CBE</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>12 September 1957
</td>
<td>14 August 1964
</td>
<td>Chief of the Air Staff
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Air Marshal <a href="Clarence_Rupert_Dunlap" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarence Rupert Dunlap">Clarence Rupert Dunlap</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>15 August 1964
</td>
<td>25 August 1967
</td>
<td>Chief of the Air Staff
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Air Marshal <a href="William_Ross_MacBrien" title="William Ross MacBrien">William R. MacBrien</a> <a href="Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">OBE</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>26 August 1967
</td>
<td>22 January 1969
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4
</td>
<td><a href="Lieutenant-General_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-General (Canada)">Lieutenant-General</a> <a href="Frederick_Ralph_Sharp" title="Frederick Ralph Sharp">Frederick Ralph Sharp</a> <a href="Order_of_Military_Merit_(Canada)" title="Order of Military Merit (Canada)">CMM</a>, <a href="Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_Kingdom)" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)">DFC</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>23 January 1969
</td>
<td>14 September 1969
</td>
<td><a href="Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a> (1969–1972)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Edwin_Reyno" title="Edwin Reyno">Edwin Reyno</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>September 1969
</td>
<td>August 1972
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Reginald_J._Lane" title="Reginald J. Lane">Reginald J. Lane</a>, <a href="Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">DSO</a>, <a href="Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_Kingdom)" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)">DFC</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>September 1972
</td>
<td>October 1974
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Richard_C._Stovel" title="Richard C. Stovel">Richard C. Stovel</a>, <a href="Air_Force_Cross_(United_Kingdom)" title="Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)">AFC</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>October 1974
</td>
<td>September 1976
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="David_R._Adamson" title="David R. Adamson">David R. Adamson</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>September 1976
</td>
<td>August 1978
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Kenneth_Lewis_(Canadian_general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth Lewis (Canadian general)">Kenneth E. Lewis</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>18 August 1978
</td>
<td>24 June 1980
</td>
<td>Commander of Air Command
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Kenneth_J._Thorneycroft" title="Kenneth J. Thorneycroft">Kenneth J. Thorneycroft</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>June 1980
</td>
<td>May 1983
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Donald_C._MacKenzie" title="Donald C. MacKenzie">Donald C. MacKenzie</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>May 1983
</td>
<td>August 1986
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Donald_McNaughton_(Canadian_general)" title="Donald McNaughton (Canadian general)">Donald M. McNaughton</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>August 1986
</td>
<td>August 1989
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>13
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Robert_W._Morton" title="Robert W. Morton">Robert W. Morton</a>, CMM, CD
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>August 1989
</td>
<td>August 1992
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>14
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Brian_L._Smith" title="Brian L. Smith">Brian L. Smith</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>August 1992
</td>
<td>August 1994
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>15
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="J._D._O'Blenis" class="mw-redirect" title="J. D. O'Blenis">J. D. O'Blenis</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>August 1994
</td>
<td>August 1995
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>16
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Louis_Cuppens" title="Louis Cuppens">L. W. F. Cuppens</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>August 1995
</td>
<td>April 1998
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>17
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="George_Macdonald_(Canadian_general)" title="George Macdonald (Canadian general)">G E C Macdonald</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Royal_Victorian_Order" title="Royal Victorian Order">MVO</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>April 1998
</td>
<td>August 2001
</td>
<td>Vice Chief of Defence Staff, <a href="Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">Canadian Forces</a> (2001-2004)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>18
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Ken_R._Pennie" class="mw-redirect" title="Ken R. Pennie">Ken R. Pennie</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>8 August 2001
</td>
<td>14 July 2003
</td>
<td><a href="Commander_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force">Chief of the Air Staff</a> (2003–2005)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>19
</td>
<td><a href="Lieutenant-General_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-General (Canada)">Lieutenant-General</a> <a href="Rick_Findley" title="Rick Findley">Rick Findley</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Meritorious_Service_Cross" title="Meritorious Service Cross">MSC</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>14 July 2003
</td>
<td>2 August 2007
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>20
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Charles_Bouchard" title="Charles Bouchard">Charles Bouchard</a>, <a href="Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">OC</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Meritorious_Service_Cross" title="Meritorious Service Cross">MSC</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>2 August 2007
</td>
<td>10 July 2009
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>21
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Marcel_Duval" title="Marcel Duval">Marcel Duval</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>10 July 2009
</td>
<td>15 August 2011
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>21
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Thomas_J._Lawson" title="Thomas J. Lawson">Thomas J. Lawson</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>15 August 2011
</td>
<td>4 September 2012
</td>
<td><a href="Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>22
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Alain_Parent" title="Alain Parent">Alain Parent</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>4 September 2012
</td>
<td>1 July 2015
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>23
</td>
<td>Lieutenant-General <a href="Pierre_St-Amand" title="Pierre St-Amand">Pierre St-Amand</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit"> CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>1 July 2015
</td>
<td>20 July 2018<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>24
</td>
<td>Lieutenant General <a href="Christopher_J._Coates" title="Christopher J. Coates">Christopher J. Coates</a>, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Meritorious_Service_Medal_(Canada)" title="Meritorious Service Medal (Canada)">MSM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>20 July 2018<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>21 July 2020<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>25
</td>
<td>Lieutenant General Alain Pelletier, <a href="Meritorious_Service_Medal_(Canada)" title="Meritorious Service Medal (Canada)">MSM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>21 July 2020<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>2 June 2023
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>26
</td>
<td>Lieutenant General Blaise F. Frawley, <a href="Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of Military Merit">CMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>2 June 2023
</td>
<td>15 July 2025
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>27
</td>
<td>Lieutenant General Iain S. Huddleston, <a href="Order_of_Military_Merit_(Canada)" title="Order of Military Merit (Canada)">OMM</a>, <a href="Canadian_Forces'_Decoration" title="Canadian Forces' Decoration">CD</a>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td>15 July 2025<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>present
</td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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</style><cite id="CITEREFVeale2008" class="citation book cs1">Veale, Thomas F. (2008). <i>Guarding What You Value Most: North American Aerospace Defense Command, Celebrating 50 Years</i>. Government Printing Office. p. 49. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-16-080436-6</bdi>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/">"NORAD TOCA"</a>. NORAD Public Affairs. 20 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNORADCommand2020" class="citation web cs1">@NORADCommand (21 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/NORADCommand/status/1285672191510577157">"NORAD bids a fond farewell to Lieutenant-General Christopher Coates as he moves on to @CFOperations; and welcome ou…"</a> (<a href="Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/4243772/transfer-of-appointment-ceremony-for-deputy-commander-norad/">"Transfer of Appointment ceremony for Deputy Commander NORAD"</a>. <i>North American Aerospace Defense Command</i>. <a href="Peterson_Space_Force_Base%2C_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Peterson Space Force Base, Colorado">Peterson Space Force Base, Colorado</a>: NORAD Public Affairs. 2025-07-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-07-17</span></span>.</cite></span>
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